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KMID : 0904020030190020124
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Journal of Korean Society for Vascular Surgery
2003 Volume.19 No. 2 p.124 ~ p.131
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Development of a Tissue-Engineered Vascular Graft Using Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Cells and Biodegradable Polymer Scaffold
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Abstract
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Purpose: The objective of this study is to develop a tissue-engineered vascular graft using autologous bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs) and biodegradable polymer scaffold. Method: Autologous canine BMCs were isolated from bone marrow aspirate and cultured. A tubular scaffold was fabricated by immersing polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheet in poly (glycolide-co-caprolactone) (PGCL) solution and wrapping it around a cylindrical mold. The expanded BMCs were seeded onto the PGA/PGCL tubular scaffold (internal diameter: 7 mm, length: 35 mm) and further cultured in vitro for 1 week. The graft was anastomosed to the abdominal artery in a canine model. One week after implantation, the retrieved graft was investigated by histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Result: Cultured BMCs differentiated into endothelial-like and smooth muscle-like cells. The PGA tubular scaffold reinforced with PGCL was successfully implanted in an animal model without. graft rupture. The vascular graft engineered with BMCs was occluded at 1 week after implantation due to thrombus formation. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses of the retrieved graft revealed that extracellular matrix proteins such as smooth muscle α-actin, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain and collagen were produced partially in the graft media. Conclusion: The tissue-engineered vascular graft developed in this study led to graft failure due to early occlusion. Nevertheless, it is confirmed that the PGA/PGCL scaffold has microstructures appropriate for cell proliferation and good mechanical properties. This result suggests the possibile application of this scaffold as a material for engineering of diseased vascular tissues.
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